Oven-furnace.



L. C. REESE.

OVEN FURNACE APPLICATION FILED DEC.6. 1915.

Patented; Jan. 8, 1918.

WITNESSES:

IN V .ETN TOR.

main snares Pannier oration.

EQUIS CHARLES REESE, 0E SAGINAW, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR 1'0 WERNER dz IPELEIDEREE 00., INCL, 0F SAGINAW, MICHIGAN, A FIRM.

UVEN-EUENACE.

il,253,il8$.

original application filed April M, 1915,

To all whom it may concern."

Be it known that l[, Louis GHAErEs a resident of Saginaw, in the county of Saginaw and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dven-Furnaces, of which the following is a specification. A

'1? his invention relates to improvements in the furnace and heating arrangements of ovens requiring higher temperatures, such as baking ovens, japanning and enameling stoves, drying kilns, annealing furnaces and the like, and has for its objects greater economy in fuel and-labor and greater efiiciency in producing and regulating the heat required and, in working such ovens than was possible to attain hitherto.

llo this end, I employ a new inverted. combustion furnace in which the fuel is burnt by means of air preheated'by the waste heat of the oven which may consist of the heat carried away to the chimney by the used fire gases, or of the heat absorbed by the outer structure of the oven and lost to the surroundings. I also introduce air thus preheated into the fire chamber of the oven furnace, or in order gradually to cool the oven after the furnace has been 'put. out of activity.

The novel features, arrangements, parts and combinations thereof which constitute this invention, are fully explained in the following description of an example of its Specification of Letters Patent.

EEEsE,

either in order to burn the combustible gases still contained in the fire gases leaving the application which is also represented in the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification. The drawing represents a vertical longitudinal section of a drying oven or stove heated by the furnace and heating arrangements forming the object of this invention.

Like characters, of reference indicate corresponding parts serving the same or a similar purpose;

A is the oven and B the drying chamber thereof. 18 is heated by the fire gases passing through the channels 0, C and C, on

y their wayto the chimney. Channels and ducts of this kind surround the drying chamber E from all sides with the exception of the back which is heated directly by the back of the furnace. D is the fire chamber in which the fire gases coming from the mlPatented Jan. 8, 191%.

Serial No. 23,708. Divided and this application filed December a, 1915. Serial N0. 65,367.

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consisting of two compartments in which 7 auxiliary air for the combustion in the furnace E is preheated by the hot brickwork underneath the fire chamber D. H is the if channel leading the fresh fire gases from E into D. I is the tube conveying air into the fire chamber D; this air is preheated by the hot brickwork forming the bottom of the chamber D and of its prolongation, the channel 0.

ihe oven A is made of brick, and its back surrounds the furnace E withexception of that part of its top containing the charging door and of the front which is covered with a suitable insulating material to prevent loss of heat.

a is the top brickwork of A containing the flue a, leading the used fire gases from the broad heating channel C to the chim ney a,. The latter is provided with the damper a, for adjusting its draft according to the requirements" of the furnace and the heating system.

In the example represented by the drawing, the draft of the chimney is shown as the only means for sucking air through E and G into the furnace E for the combustion of the fuel therein and through I into the fire chamber D for admixture with the fire gases or in order to cool the oven and for drawing the fire gases from E through the channel H, the fire chamber D, the heating channels 0, C and C and the flue a, into the chimney a Where the draft of the chimney is too weak for performing the work required, or where the use of a proper chimney stack is impracticable, suitable fans may be used instead with advantage. I A suction fan provided with proper means for regulating its eifect may be arranged at the top of the fiue 11,, or the air inlets of the ducts E, G and I may be connected with tubes through which a fan drives the reice 7 a, incloses the door opening of B and contains at each side of same the heating channels C, connecting the top and bottom channels C and 6,. (11. is the floor of B and contains at the same time the heating channel C and the fire chamber D. The foundation a incloses the air tube I and the air heating chamber G. a, is the partition wall at the back of B between the latter and the furnace E, and a the back wall of the oven A surrounding E as described. The drying chamber B is charged and emptied through the opening 6 provided with the outer door 77 and the inner door 6,.

The walls of the inverted combustion fur-' nace E consist of the cast iron casing e, the cast iron top 6, and the flrebrick lining 6 The bottom of E is formed by the grate e, which is preferably a so-called rocking grate and self cleaning. The top e carries the door 6 for charging the furnace with fuel. This door and all the other doors arranged at E and the ashpit belonging to E, must be constructed in such a manner and provided with such appliances that they can be hermetically closed. In regard to the door e,,, this is attained by the movable yoke e straddling c and the screw 6 passing through a, for tightening same. 6 is a small door arranged immediately above the grate 6 for stoking the fire in case the grate should refuse to work; 6 is the movable yoke and screw belonging to this door for tlghtening it. e is the channel arranged at the top a, for conducting the preheated air from around e,, then the through the narrower, but broad channel 6,, arranged down along the front of the casing 6 between the channel.

c and the inlet 6,, into the burning fuel above the grate. e is the ashpit belonging to E, but formed by a cast iron, structure separate therefrom. c is the ashpit door which is provided with the tighteningarrangement (yoke and crew) e 6, is a water pipe provided with the regulating'cock 6 for letting water into the incandescent fuel in the furnace if so desired. 6 is the insulating material covering the front of the furnace E.

. The tube F leading the air required for the combustion from the room in front of the oven A into the furnace E is arranged within the flue a, so that the hot, used fire gases passing therethrough to the chimney a preheat the air flowing through F to E. F is provided with the slide valve f'for regulating the quantity of air entering into F according to the requirements, with the bend f, and the throttle valve 7, worked by means of the rod 7, and the handle j from the back of the oven.

The air heating chamber G is composed ber G forms part of the back wall of the mtaiee ashpit e The air enters 9 through the pipe 9 provided with the slide valve 9,, for regulating the inflow of air, and passes then into the upper and hotter compartment 9 which is subjected to the fierce heat in the channel I]: and the fire chamber D, being separated therefrom only by a layer of firebricks. The hot air leaving 9 travels then leading the preheated air into the fire chamber D is provided with the slide Valve i for regulating the quantity of air entering it and ends in the perforated tube 2' distributing the air across the.whole width of the fire chamber D.

The modus operandi of. the furnace E and of its accessories is as follows: Assuming the fire were to be started, the doors c and c of the furnace, the door c of the ashpit e and the slide valve (2 of the chimney a are widely opened straw, wood shavings, cottonwool or the like are then introduced into the furnace through the door (2 and lighted. Dry wood is then added, and, as soon as the latter burns well, a little fuel, coal, coke, peat or the like, to be used for the work. After thi charge has burnt through and is beginning to become incandescent, the doors e c and 6, are hermetically closed, and

of the furnace E are opened. After a short time the first small charge will be aglow and the furnace hot enough ;.it is then completely filled with fuel through the door 6,, and after the latter has been closed again, the heat produced is regulated by regulating the slide valves of the air inlets, f and 9,. In this way the foreman, who works at the oven front, is enabled to regulate the heat produced and thereby the temperature of the oven without leaving'his place.

If the fuel within the furnace is quite incandescent, producer gas may be made by limiting the quantity of air let into the furnace to the required amount, using mainly the air inlet 9 In this case a small amount of water may be introduced into the furnace through the water pipe e Air is then introduced into the fire chamber D through the tube I in quantities regulated according to requirements by means of the slide valve As soon as air and gas meet in the redhot chamber, the latter lights up without any danger of explosion.

immediately 105 the slide valves f and g, of the two air inlets intense Another object of the airpipe l is to introduce air into D, after the air inlets and 9 have been closed and thereby the combustion in the furnace E stopped, in order to cool the fire chamber D and thereby the oven.

1 claim:

1. In an oven furnace, in combination, a fuel chamber having a grate for its bottom, sidewalls containing at their lower part somewhat above the grate an opening serving as outlet for the combustion gases and a small, hermetically closing door for stoking, and a top provided with a hermetically closing door for charging fuel into the said fuel chamber and an opening serving as inlet for the air for the combustion thereof, a preheater connected to this inlet and so arranged that the air passing therethrough into the said fuel chamber is preheated by the spent firegases, a channel running inside the said fuel chamber from said air inlet along said top and down one of said side walls and leading the said preheated air into the burning fuel at a point opposite to the said outlet for the combustion gases, and a closed ash pit arranged underneath the said grate and provided with a hermetically closing door for cleaning the same.

2. In an oven furnace, in combination, a fuel chamber having a grate for its bottom, sidewalls containing at their lower part somewhat above the grate an opening serving as outlet for the combustion gases and a small, hermetically closing door for stoking, and at their upper part an air inlet, and a top provided with a hermetically closing door for charging fuel into the said fuel chamber and with an opening serving as inlet for the air for the combustion, a preheater connected to this inlet and so arranged that the air passing therethrough into the said fuel chamber is preheated by the spent fire gases, a channel running inside the said fuel chamber from said air inlet along said top and down one of said side walls and leading the said preheated air into the burning fuel at a point opposite to the said outlet for the combustion gases, a second air preheater connected to the said air inlet in the upper part of the sidewalls of the said fuel chamber, and a closed ashpit arranged underneath the said grate and provided with a hermetically-closing door for cleaning the same.

3. In an oven furnace, in combination, a fuel chamber having a grate for its bottom, sidewalls containing at their lower part somewhat above the grate an opening serving as outlet for the combustion gases and a small, hermetically closing door for stoking, and a top provided with a hermetically closing door for charging fuel into the said fuel chamber and with an opening serving as inlet for the air for the combustion thereof, a preheater connected to this inlet and so arranged that the air passing therethrough into the said fuel chamber is preheated by the spent fire gases, a channel running inside the said fuel chamber from said air inlet along said top and down one of said side walls and leading the said preheated air into the burning fuel at a' point tit J opposite to the said outlet for the combustion gases, a water pipe arranged and provided with means for leading water in regulated quantities into the upper part of the said fuel chamber, and a closed ashpit arranged underneath the said grate and provided with a hermetically closing door for cleaning the same.

LQlUlS CHARLES REESE.

Witnesses:

CARL ELE'rsoHrn, AncHiBALn E. Huronavn. 

